پاورپوینت واکنشهای شيميايي در محلولهای آبی (pptx) 73 اسلاید
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واکنشهای شيميايي در محلولهای آبی
Chemical Reactions
The following table summarizes the common Driving forces that tend to make reactions go in the direction of the arrow:
Reactants Products
When two or more chemicals are brought together, if any of the above can occur, a chemical reaction is likely to take place!
Formation of a solid
Formation of water
Formation of gas
Transfer of electrons
CHEMISTRY
- science of properties and transformations of matter
CHEMICAL REACTIONS - central to CHEMSITRY
CLASSIFICATION of REACTIONS
Precipitation
Oxidation-reduction
Acid-base
Gas forming
Precipitation Reactions Solubility Rules
There are simple guidelines that allow one to predict whether or not a reaction will produce an insoluble compound: these are called the Solubility Rules
Ionic Equations: Net Ionic
The ions that appear on both sides of the equation in identical forms. These ions are not involved directly in the reaction and are called spectator ions.
In the net ionic equation, the spectator ions are omitted leaving only the ions directly involved in the reaction.
Pb2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + 2K+(aq) + 2I-(aq) PbI2 (s) + 2K+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq)
spectator ions
Pb2+(aq) + 2I-(aq) PbI2 (s)
Ionic Equations: Summary
Summary of the 3 different chemical equations:
Molecular equation
Complete ionic equation
Net ionic equation
Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) PbI2 (s) +2KNO3(aq)
Pb2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + 2K+(aq) + 2I-(aq) PbI2 (s) + 2K+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq)
Pb2+(aq) + 2I-(aq) PbI2 (s)
Acid-Base Reactions: Neutralization
Consider the reaction between Mg(OH)2 [milk of magnesia] and HCl (stomach acid)
The net reaction is:
The acid has been neutralized
